USDC czy EUR: co lepiej sprawdza się w płatnościach transgranicznych?
11 min czytania
Stablecoins tend to outperform traditional foreign-exchange (FX) rails on both cost and settlement speed—even after accounting for on- and off-ramp fees. Traditional methods still hold a slight advantage when it comes to seamless bank-to-bank integration and established consumer protections. Below are the numbers to help you decide which option makes sense for your use case.
What we mean by the two contenders
Traditional FX transfer
A payment executed through SWIFT or card networks, converted at retail FX rates and delivered to the recipient’s bank account or payment wallet.
Stablecoin transfer
The movement of a blockchain-based token (e.g., USDC or USDT) pegged 1:1 to fiat currency, with value transferred across public ledgers such as TRON or Ethereum before cash-out.
Why traditional FX still feels expensive
World Bank data show that the global average cost of sending a US $200 remittance was 6.62 % in Q1 2025—well above the G20 target of ≤3 % (remittanceprices.worldbank.org). Banks introduce two main sources of friction:
Hard fees. An outgoing international wire can cost anywhere from US $5 to US $75 depending on the institution; Wells Fargo, for example, charges US $45 for USD-denominated wires.
FX mark-ups. The Financial Stability Board’s 2024 progress report estimates average retail FX margins at around 2 %, with base fees ranging from 2.3 % to 6 % (fsb.org).
Combined, even a “low” 3 % headline quote can easily climb past 5 % once all charges are applied.
Where stablecoins reduce costs
On-chain transfers eliminate correspondent banks and opaque FX spreads. Network fees for USDT on TRON average around US $0.315 per transaction (cryptomus.com), while ERC-20 (Ethereum) transfers typically cost about US $1.15 when the network is uncongested (cryptomus.com). Even during peak periods, TRC-20 fees usually remain below US $2 (prestmit.io).
Sending US $500: typical total cost (May 2025)
| Route | Up-front fee | FX or spread | Network fee | % of amount | Speed* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bank wire (US → EU) | US $45 | 2 % mark-up | n/a | ≈ 11 % | 1–3 d |
| Money-transfer app (Wise mid-market) | 0.4–1.5 % | none | n/a | 0.4–1.5 % | ≤24 h |
| Stablecoin TRC-20 (USDT) | Exchange on-ramp 0.5 % | none | US $0.32 | ≈ 0.6 % | 5–60 min |
| Stablecoin ERC-20 (USDC) | Exchange on-ramp 0.5 % | none | US $1.15 | ≈ 0.73 % | 5–15 min |
*Settlement speed excludes bank cash-out times for stablecoins.
What about spreads when you cash out?
A common criticism is that converting USDC or USDT back into euros simply reintroduces FX costs. In practice, two factors often keep stablecoins competitive:
- Multi-currency wallets. Platforms such as Quppy allow EU residents to hold both fiat and digital dollars, delaying conversion until euros are actually needed.
- Peer-to-peer off-ramps. In high-remittance corridors, recipients may spend or exchange stablecoins locally, avoiding FX conversion altogether.
USDC vs SEPA for euro payments in Europe
Inside Europe the comparison changes. If you send euros to someone with a euro account in the SEPA area, a SEPA transfer is usually the simpler route: no currency conversion, the full euro amount arrives, and SEPA Instant credits within 10 seconds at any hour. In the euro area an instant transfer may not cost more than a standard one, and many accounts include SEPA at no charge.
USDC is a dollar token, so a euro-to-euro payment through it means converting EUR to USD and back, two spreads plus a network fee. It earns its place when the recipient wants dollars, sits outside SEPA, or already uses crypto. A bank account also gives protections a stablecoin does not: bank deposits are covered by deposit guarantee schemes, while a stablecoin balance is not. For other routes, see SEPA vs SWIFT and the cheapest way to send money to Europe.
Hidden savings: volatility and predictability
Traditional FX quotes fluctuate constantly, and weekend markups are common. Stablecoin transfers, by contrast, move a pegged asset, meaning the USD value is known both before and after settlement. For payroll runs or supplier invoices, that predictability can make a meaningful difference.
Compliance, security and trust
Regulation has caught up. Since 30 June 2024, MiCA has required issuers of e-money tokens, such as USDC, offered in the EU to be authorised as a credit institution or an e-money institution, with rules on reserves and redemption. Since the end of March 2025, EU providers have stopped offering trading in stablecoins whose issuers lack that authorisation, which is why USDT is unavailable on most EU platforms.
What makes up your cost? (indicative share)
| Component | Traditional FX | Stablecoin |
|---|---|---|
| Provider base fee | 25 % | 10 % |
| FX mark-up / spread | 50 % | 0 % |
| Correspondent fees | 15 % | 0 % |
| Network or gas | 0 % | 80 % |
| Regulatory / compliance | 10 % | 10 % |
In traditional payment rails, most costs stem from FX spreads. With stablecoins, the main expense is network gas—typically minimal unless congestion spikes.
Key take-aways for different senders
| Sender profile | Why stablecoins shine | Why FX may still win |
|---|---|---|
| Freelancers paid in USD | Near-instant settlement, no SWIFT delays | Requires wallet familiarity |
| SMEs with recurring payroll abroad | Predictable rates; bulk USDC payouts | Some staff prefer bank deposits |
| Family remittances | Sub-1 % fees even on US $50 | Off-ramps can be limited in rural areas |
| Corporate treasury | 24/7 liquidity windows | Accounting and audit complexity |
Using Quppy as a bridge
With a multi-currency IBAN, USDC on the Ethereum network and SEPA transfers, Quppy supports hybrid flows: receive EUR, exchange it for USDC where the pair is available, send USDC to a contractor's wallet on Ethereum, or exchange back to EUR and send it by SEPA. Rates and costs are shown before you confirm each step, so you can compare legs. USDT is not available through Quppy in the EEA.
If you searched for “cheapest international money transfer” and landed here, the answer in many cases is an on-chain stablecoin paired with a reliable off-ramp—provided you use a regulated wallet and a low-fee network.
Bottom line
For everyday cross-border payments, stablecoins have reshaped expectations around cost and speed. By removing FX markups, reducing fees to cents, and settling transactions in minutes rather than days, they often deliver clear savings outside of niche edge cases.
In a world focused on faster and cheaper money movement, blockchain-based rails have already set a new benchmark—while traditional banking continues to adapt.